DEFINITION IN BIOPHYSICS .

 

DEFINITION :- 

Electronic structure of atom :- 

An electronic structure is the way in which electrons are arranged in an atom .

Or 

In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.

Wavelength :- 

Wavelength, distance between corresponding points of two consecutive waves. “Corresponding points” refers to two points or particles in the same phase—i.e., points that have completed identical fractions of their periodic motion. 

Quantum mechanics :- 

the branch of mechanics that deals with the mathematical description of the motion and interaction of subatomic particles, incorporating the concepts of quantization of energy, wave–particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the correspondence principle. 

2nd low of thermodynamics :- 

The second law states that if the physical process is irreversible, the combined entropy of the system and the environment must increase. The final entropy must be greater than the initial entropy for an irreversible process. 

Enthalpy :- 

Enthalpy is a property of a thermodynamic system, and is defined as the sum of the system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.

Entropy :- 

Entropy the measure of a system's thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work. Because work is obtained from ordered molecular motion, the amount of entropy is also a measure of the molecular disorder, or randomness, of a system. 

Gibbs free energy :- 

Gibbs free energy is that thermodynamic quantity of a system the decrease in whose value during a process is equal to the maximum possible useful work that can be obtained from the system. 

Friction :- 

Friction is the resistance to motion of one object moving relative to another. It is not a fundamental force, like gravity or electromagnetism.

Sedimentation :- 

Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. 

Viscosity :- 

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. 

It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid. A fluidwith large viscosity resists motion because its molecular makeup gives it a lot of internal friction.

Photoelectric effect :- 

Photoelectric effect, phenomenon in which electrically charged particles are released from or within a material when it absorbs electromagnetic radiation.

 The effect is often defined as the ejection of electrons from a metal plate when light falls on it.

Diffusion :- 

Diffusion is the net movement of anything from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion is driven by a gradient in concentration.